Portrait de Guillaume Dumas

Guillaume Dumas

Membre académique associé
Professeur agrégé, Université de Montréal, Département de psychiatrie et d’addictologie
Professeur adjoint, McGill University, Département de psychiatrie
Sujets de recherche
Apprentissage automatique médical
Apprentissage par renforcement
Apprentissage profond
Biologie computationnelle
Neurosciences computationnelles
Systèmes dynamiques
Théorie de l'apprentissage automatique
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Google Scholar
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Biographie

Guillaume Dumas est professeur agrégé de psychiatrie computationnelle à la Faculté de médecine de l'Université de Montréal et chercheur principal du laboratoire de psychiatrie de précision et de physiologie sociale du Centre de recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine. Il est titulaire de la chaire IVADO IA en santé mentale et chercheur-boursier junior 1 du Fonds de recherche du Québec - Santé (FRQS) dans le domaine de l’ IA en santé et de la santé numérique. En 2023, il a été retenu dans le cadre du Programme des chercheurs mondiaux CIFAR-Azrieli pour le programme de recherche Cerveau, esprit et conscience. Il a également été nommé parmi les Futurs leaders canadiens de la recherche sur le cerveau par la Fondation Brain Canada.

Il a auparavant été chercheur permanent en neurosciences et en biologie computationnelle à l'Institut Pasteur (Paris, France), ainsi que chercheur postdoctoral au Center for Complex Systems and Brain Sciences à l’Université Florida Atlantic (FAU), aux États-Unis. Il est titulaire d'un diplôme d'ingénieur en ingénierie avancée et informatique (École centrale Paris), de deux masters (physique théorique, Université Paris-Saclay; sciences cognitives, ENS/EHESS/Paris 5) et d'un doctorat en neurosciences cognitives (Sorbonne Université).

Ses recherches visent à combiner l’intelligence artificielle, les neurosciences cognitives et la médecine numérique à travers un programme interdisciplinaire suivant deux axes principaux :

- L’intelligence artificielle en santé mentale, par la création de nouveaux algorithmes pour étudier le développement de l'architecture cognitive humaine et pour fournir une médecine personnalisée en neuropsychiatrie grâce à des données allant du génome à celles des téléphones intelligents;

- Les neurosciences sociales en intelligence artificielle, par la traduction de la recherche fondamentale sur le cerveau et le formalisme des systèmes dynamiques en des modèles hybrides neurocomputationnels et d’apprentissage automatique (NeuroML) et de nouvelles architectures présentant des capacités d'apprentissage social (NeuroIA Sociale et IHM).

Étudiants actuels

Saskia Helbling
Postdoctorat - UdeM
Site web
Github
Google Scholar
Nadine Mohamed
Maîtrise recherche - UdeM
Rémy Ramadour
Visiteur de recherche indépendant - CHU Sainte Justine / Université de Montréal
Site web
Github
Mahta Ramezanian
Maîtrise recherche - UdeM
Superviseur⋅e principal⋅e :
Irina Rish
Pascal Tikeng Notsawo
Doctorat - UdeM
Superviseur⋅e principal⋅e :
Guillaume Rabusseau
Site web
Github
Google Scholar

Publications

Changer le regard des étudiants sur les métiers de la comptabilité : Les effets de la simulation de gestion
Guillaume Dumas
Yann QUÉMÉNER
La comptabilité véhicule souvent injustement, une image terne et ennuyeuse, auprès du grand public et des jeunes étudiants choisissant l… (voir plus)eur orientation. Dans cet article, nous questionnons l’effet de pratiques pédagogiques sur la perception par les étudiants, des soft skills attendues par les employeurs. Pour cela nous réalisons une quasi-expérimentation dans laquelle nous comparons les perceptions des étudiants selon que le cours ait été animé sous un format classique (application des connaissances par le biais d’exercices avec corrigé par l’enseignant) ou sous la forme d’une simulation de gestion (application des connaissances en vue de prendre des décisions et piloter une entreprise fictive). Les résultats de la recherche montrent qu’une simulation de gestion, plus que les travaux dirigés classiques, permettent aux primo-apprenants en comptabilité, d’avoir une meilleure perception des soft skills attendues par les praticiens et les recruteurs. Nos résultats rappellent l’importance de donner une représentation réaliste (éloignée des clichés) de la profession, afin de rendre les filières d’enseignement de la comptabilité plus attractives.
2024-12-31
Finance Contrôle Stratégie (publié)
doi.org
A "fine-cuts" approach disentangling psychopathic, autistic and alexithymic traits in their associations with affective, cognitive and motor empathy
Julia Ayache
Nikki Stevenson
Elisha Patel
Alexander Sumich
Guillaume Dumas
Nadja Heym
2024-12-31
Personality and Individual Differences (publié)
doi.org
https://www.neuromodec.org/journal/4/2/NzBlvmDpUYspQQbvI4B Online Transcranial Random Noise Stimulation of the Right Temporoparietal Junction Acutely Modulates Human-Machine Social Interactions
Vincent Chamberland
Quentin Moreau
Lisane Moses
Gabriela Milanova
Guillaume Dumas
2024-12-31
Neuromodec Journal (publié)
doi.org
Performance modulations phase-locked to action depend on internal state
Tommaso Tosato
Guillaume Dumas
Gustavo Rohenkohl
Pascal Fries
Several studies have probed perceptual performance at different times after a self-paced motor action and found frequency-specific modulatio… (voir plus)ns of perceptual performance phase-locked to the action. Such action-related modulation has been reported for various frequencies and modulation strengths. In an attempt to establish a basic effect at the population level, we had a relatively large number of participants (n=50) perform a self-paced button press followed by a detection task at threshold, and we applied both fixed- and random-effects tests. The combined data of all trials and participants surprisingly did not show any significant action-related modulation. However, based on previous studies, we explored the possibility that such modulation depends on the participant’s internal state. Indeed, when we split trials based on performance in neighboring trials, then trials in periods of low performance showed an action-related modulation at ≈17 Hz. When we split trials based on the performance in the preceding trial, we found that trials following a “miss” showed an action-related modulation at ≈17 Hz. Finally, when we split participants based on their false-alarm rate, we found that participants with no false alarms showed an action-related modulation at ≈17 Hz. All these effects were significant in random-effects tests, supporting an inference on the population. Together, these findings indicate that action-related modulations are not always detectable. However, the results suggest that specific internal states such as lower attentional engagement and/or higher decision criterion are characterized by a modulation in the beta-frequency range.
2024-12-31
iScience (publié)
doi.org
Sensory multi-brain stimulation enhances dyadic cooperative behavior
Ivo Leiva-Cisterna
Paulo Barraza
Eugenio Rodríguez
Guillaume Dumas
Hyperscanning research suggests that interbrain synchronization supports the regulation of social behavior. However, the evidence is predomi… (voir plus)nantly correlational, leaving a gap for epiphenomenal accounts, where synchrony merely represents concurrent stimulus processing rather than a mechanism relevant to interpersonal interactions. Here, we demonstrate that interbrain synchrony causally drives cooperative success, as evidenced by non-invasive stimulation enhancing coupling and subsequently improving performance in a concurrent interdependent cooperation task. We applied dual-sensory entrainment at 16 Hz and 40 Hz to dyads and compared their performance with non-entrained control dyads performing the same cooperation task. We found that dual stimulation improved interbrain synchrony at the targeted frequencies relative to controls, with 16 Hz entrainment producing the most prominent effect. Strikingly, sensory entrainment facilitated sustained behavioral coupling, allowing partners to maintain coordination over extended periods. Notably, these effects are contingent on improved response coordination, indicating the importance of interbrain coupling for facilitating coordination and demonstrating causally that partner neural attunement is necessary to produce effective joint behavior. Thus, our study supports the concept that interbrain synchrony represents a neural mechanism with functional specificity in social interactions.
2024-12-31
Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience (publié)
doi.org
Is sharing always caring? Entropy, boundaries and the plurality of psychotherapeutic process.
Lena Adel
Ana Gómez-Carrillo
Jonas Mago
Michael Lifshitz
Guillaume Dumas
2024-12-31
Physics of Life Reviews (publié)
doi.org
Decomposing the Brain in Autism: Linking Behavioral Domains to Neuroanatomical Variation and Genomic Underpinnings.
Hanna Seelemeyer
Caroline Gurr
Johanna Leyhausen
Lisa M. Berg
Charlotte M. Pretzsch
Tim Schäfer
Bassem Hermila
Christine M. Freitag
Eva Loth
Beth Oakley
Luke Mason
Jan K. Buitelaar
Christian Beckmann
Dorothea L. Floris
Tony Charman
Tobias Banaschewski
Emily Jones
Thomas Bourgeron
Jumana Ahmad
Sara Ambrosino … (voir 58 de plus)
Bonnie Auyeung
Simon Baron-Cohen
Sarah Baumeister
Sven Bölte
Carsten Bours
Michael Brammer
Daniel Brandeis
Claudia Brogna
Yvette de Bruijn
Bhismadev Chakrabarti
Ineke Cornelissen
Daisy Crawley
Flavio Dell’Acqua
Guillaume Dumas
Sarah Durston
Christine Ecker
Jessica Faulkner
Vincent Frouin
Pilar Garcés
David Goyard
Lindsay Ham
Hannah Hayward
Joerg F. Hipp
Rosemary Holt
Mark Johnson
Emily J. H. Jones
Prantik Kundu
Meng-Chuan Lai
Xavier Liogier D’ardhuy
Michael V. Lombardo
David J. Lythgoe
René Mandl
Andre Marquand
Maarten Mennes
Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
Carolin Moessnang
Nico Bast
Larry O’Dwyer
Marianne Oldehinkel
Bob Oranje
Gahan Pandina
Antonio Persico
Barbara Ruggeri
Declan G.M. Murphy
Amber N. V. Ruigrok
Jessica Sabet
Roberto Sacco
Antonia San José Cáceres
Emily Simonoff
Will Spooren
Julian Tillmann
Roberto Toro
Heike Tost
Jack Waldman
Steve C. R. Williams
Caroline Wooldridge
Marcel P. Zwiers
Declan Murphy
2024-11-30
Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging (publié)
doi.org
Effects of gene dosage on cognitive ability: A function-based association study across brain and non-brain processes
Guillaume Huguet
Thomas Renne
Cécile Poulain
Alma Dubuc
Kuldeep Kumar
Sayeh Kazem
Worrawat Engchuan
Omar Shanta
Elise Douard
Catherine Proulx
Martineau Jean-Louis
Zohra Saci
Josephine Mollon
Laura M. Schultz
Emma E.M. Knowles
Simon R. Cox
David Porteous
Gail Davies
Paul Redmond
Sarah E. Harris … (voir 10 de plus)
Gunter Schumann
Guillaume Dumas
Aurélie Labbe
Zdenka Pausova
Tomáš Paus
Stephen W. Scherer
Jonathan Sebat
Laura Almasy
David C. Glahn
Sébastien Jacquemont
Copy-number variants (CNVs) that increase the risk for neurodevelopmental disorders also affect cognitive ability. However, such CNVs remain… (voir plus) challenging to study due to their scarcity, limiting our understanding of gene-dosage-sensitive biological processes linked to cognitive ability. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 258,292 individuals, which identified—for the first time—a duplication at 2q12.3 associated with higher cognitive performance. We developed a functional-burden analysis, which tested the association between cognition and CNVs disrupting 6,502 gene sets biologically defined across tissues, cell types, and ontologies. Among those, 864 gene sets were associated with cognition, and effect sizes of deletion and duplication were negatively correlated. The latter suggested that functions across all biological processes were sensitive to either deletions (e.g., subcortical regions, postsynaptic) or duplications (e.g., cerebral cortex, presynaptic). Associations between non-brain tissues and cognition were driven partly by constrained genes, which may shed light on medical comorbidities in neurodevelopmental disorders.
2024-11-30
Cell Genomics (publié)
doi.org
Introducing Brain Foundation Models
Mohammad Javad Darvishi Bayazi
Hena Ghonia
Roland Riachi
Bruno Aristimunha
Arian Khorasani
Md Rifat Arefin
Sylvain Chevallier
Amin Darabi
Guillaume Dumas
Irina Rish
Brain function represents one of the most complex systems driving our world. Decoding its signals poses significant challenges, particularly… (voir plus) due to the limited availability of data and the high cost of recordings. The existence of large hospital datasets and laboratory collections partially mitigates this issue. However, the lack of standardized recording protocols, varying numbers of channels, diverse setups, scenarios, and recording devices further complicate the task. This work addresses these challenges by introducing the Brain Foundation Model (BFM), a suite of open-source models trained on brain signals. These models serve as foundational tools for various types of time-series neuroimaging tasks. This work presents the first model of the BFM series, which is trained on electroencephalogram signal data. Our results demonstrate that BFM-EEG can generate signals more accurately than other models. Upon acceptance, we will release the model weights and pipeline.
2024-10-09
NeurIPS.cc/2024/Workshop/TSALM (publié)
openreview.net
openreview.net
LLMs and Personalities: Inconsistencies Across Scales
Tosato Tommaso
Mahmood Hegazy
David Lemay
Mohammed Abukalam
Irina Rish
Guillaume Dumas
This study investigates the application of human psychometric assessments to large language models (LLMs) to examine their consistency and m… (voir plus)alleability in exhibiting personality traits. We administered the Big Five Inventory (BFI) and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised (EPQ-R) to various LLMs across different model sizes and persona prompts. Our results reveal substantial variability in responses due to question order shuffling, challenging the notion of a stable LLM "personality." Larger models demonstrated more consistent responses, while persona prompts significantly influenced trait scores. Notably, the assistant persona led to more predictable scaling, with larger models exhibiting more socially desirable and less variable traits. In contrast, non-conventional personas displayed unpredictable behaviors, sometimes extending personality trait scores beyond the typical human range. These findings have important implications for understanding LLM behavior under different conditions and reflect on the consequences of scaling.
2024-10-08
NeurIPS.cc/2024/Workshop/Behavioral_ML (présentation orale)
openreview.net
openreview.net
Long-term outcomes of critically ill patients with hematological malignancies: what is the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic? Author's reply
Laveena Munshi
Guillaume Dumas
Sangeeta Mehta
2024-09-30
Intensive Care Medicine (publié)
doi.org
Diagnostic tests for infections in critically ill immunocompromised patients
Guillaume Dumas
Adrien Joseph
Lara Zafrani
2024-09-18
Intensive Care Medicine (publié)
doi.org