Jian Tang

Biographie

Jian Tang est professeur agrégé au département de sciences de la décision de HEC. Il est aussi professeur associé au département informatique et recherche opérationnelle (DIRO) de l'Université de Montréal et un membre académique principal à Mila – Institut québécois d’intelligence artificielle. Il est titulaire d'une chaire de recherche en IA Canada-CIFAR et le fondateur de BioGeometry, une entreprise en démarrage spécialisée dans l'IA générative pour la découverte d'anticorps. Ses principaux domaines de recherche sont les modèles génératifs profonds, l'apprentissage automatique des graphes et leurs applications à la découverte de médicaments. Il est un leader international dans le domaine de l'apprentissage automatique des graphes, et son travail représentatif sur l'apprentissage de la représentation des nœuds, LINE, a été largement reconnu et cité plus de 5 000 fois. Il a également réalisé de nombreux travaux pionniers sur l'IA pour la découverte de médicaments, notamment le premier cadre d'apprentissage automatique à source ouverte pour la découverte de médicaments, TorchDrug et TorchProtein.

Étudiants actuels

Huiyu Cai

Doctorat - UdeM

huiyu.cai@mila.quebec

Zewen Chi

Stagiaire de recherche - Beijing Institute of Technology

Doctorat - UdeM

Stagiaire de recherche - HEC

Michael Galkin

Collaborateur·rice de recherche

Farzaneh Heidari

Doctorat - UdeM

Superviseur⋅e principal⋅e :

Guillaume Rabusseau

Jerry Lu

Doctorat - UdeM

Stephen Lu

Stagiaire de recherche - McGill

stephen.lu@mila.quebec

Meng Qu

Doctorat - UdeM

Chence Shi

Doctorat - UdeM

Walter Virany

Collaborateur·rice de recherche

Chuanru Wang

Maîtrise recherche - UdeM

Sophie Xhonneux

Doctorat - UdeM

Superviseur⋅e principal⋅e :

Gauthier Gidel

lpxhonneux@gmail.com

Minghao Xu

Collaborateur·rice de recherche

Xinyu Yuan

Doctorat - UdeM

zhaocheng.zhu@umontreal.ca

Zhihao Zhan

Doctorat - UdeM

Doctorat - UdeM

Jianan Zhao

Doctorat - UdeM

Doctorat - UdeM

Publications

Structure Language Models for Protein Conformation Generation

Jiarui Lu

Xiaoyin Chen

Stephen Zhewen Lu

Chence Shi

Hongyu Guo

Yoshua Bengio

2024-10-24

ArXiv (prépublication)

Cell ontology guided transcriptome foundation model

Xinyu Yuan

Zhihao Zhan

Zuobai Zhang

Manqi Zhou

Jianan Zhao

Boyu Han

Yue Li

Transcriptome foundation models (TFMs) hold great promises of deciphering the transcriptomic language that dictate diverse cell functions by… (voir plus) self-supervised learning on large-scale single-cell gene expression data, and ultimately unraveling the complex mechanisms of human diseases. However, current TFMs treat cells as independent samples and ignore the taxonomic relationships between cell types, which are available in cell ontology graphs. We argue that effectively leveraging this ontology information during the TFM pre-training can improve learning biologically meaningful gene co-expression patterns while preserving TFM as a general purpose foundation model for downstream zero-shot and fine-tuning tasks. To this end, we present **s**ingle **c**ell, **Cell-o**ntology guided TFM (scCello). We introduce cell-type coherence loss and ontology alignment loss, which are minimized along with the masked gene expression prediction loss during the pre-training. The novel loss component guide scCello to learn the cell-type-specific representation and the structural relation between cell types from the cell ontology graph, respectively. We pre-trained scCello on 22 million cells from CellxGene database leveraging their cell-type labels mapped to the cell ontology graph from Open Biological and Biomedical Ontology Foundry. Our TFM demonstrates competitive generalization and transferability performance over the existing TFMs on biologically important tasks including identifying novel cell types of unseen cells, prediction of cell-type-specific marker genes, and cancer drug responses.

2024-10-11

NeurIPS.cc/2024/Workshop/FM4Science (poster)

Cell ontology guided transcriptome foundation model

Xinyu Yuan

Zhihao Zhan

Zuobai Zhang

Manqi Zhou

Jianan Zhao

Boyu Han

Yue Li

Transcriptome foundation models (TFMs) hold great promises of deciphering the transcriptomic language that dictate diverse cell functions by… (voir plus) self-supervised learning on large-scale single-cell gene expression data, and ultimately unraveling the complex mechanisms of human diseases. However, current TFMs treat cells as independent samples and ignore the taxonomic relationships between cell types, which are available in cell ontology graphs. We argue that effectively leveraging this ontology information during the TFM pre-training can improve learning biologically meaningful gene co-expression patterns while preserving TFM as a general purpose foundation model for downstream zero-shot and fine-tuning tasks. To this end, we present **s**ingle **c**ell, **Cell**-**o**ntology guided TFM (scCello). We introduce cell-type coherence loss and ontology alignment loss, which are minimized along with the masked gene expression prediction loss during the pre-training. The novel loss component guide scCello to learn the cell-type-specific representation and the structural relation between cell types from the cell ontology graph, respectively. We pre-trained scCello on 22 million cells from CellxGene database leveraging their cell-type labels mapped to the cell ontology graph from Open Biological and Biomedical Ontology Foundry. Our TFM demonstrates competitive generalization and transferability performance over the existing TFMs on biologically important tasks including identifying novel cell types of unseen cells, prediction of cell-type-specific marker genes, and cancer drug responses. Source code and model weights are available at https://github.com/DeepGraphLearning/scCello.

2024-09-25

NeurIPS.cc/2024/Conference (spotlight)

A Foundation Model for Zero-shot Logical Query Reasoning

Mikhail Galkin

Jincheng Zhou

Bruno Ribeiro

Zhaocheng Zhu

Complex logical query answering (CLQA) in knowledge graphs (KGs) goes beyond simple KG completion and aims at answering compositional querie… (voir plus)s comprised of multiple projections and logical operations. Existing CLQA methods that learn parameters bound to certain entity or relation vocabularies can only be applied to the graph they are trained on which requires substantial training time before being deployed on a new graph. Here we present UltraQuery, the first foundation model for inductive reasoning that can zero-shot answer logical queries on any KG. The core idea of UltraQuery is to derive both projections and logical operations as vocabulary-independent functions which generalize to new entities and relations in any KG. With the projection operation initialized from a pre-trained inductive KG completion model, UltraQuery can solve CLQA on any KG after finetuning on a single dataset. Experimenting on 23 datasets, UltraQuery in the zero-shot inference mode shows competitive or better query answering performance than best available baselines and sets a new state of the art on 15 of them.

2024-09-25

NeurIPS.cc/2024/Conference (poster)

Multi-Scale Representation Learning for Protein Fitness Prediction

Zuobai Zhang

Pascal Notin

Yining Huang

Aurelie Lozano

Vijil Chenthamarakshan

Debora Susan Marks

Payel Das

Designing novel functional proteins crucially depends on accurately modeling their fitness landscape. Given the limited availability of func… (voir plus)tional annotations from wet-lab experiments, previous methods have primarily relied on self-supervised models trained on vast, unlabeled protein sequence or structure datasets. While initial protein representation learning studies solely focused on either sequence or structural features, recent hybrid architectures have sought to merge these modalities to harness their respective strengths. However, these sequence-structure models have so far achieved only incremental improvements when compared to the leading sequence-only approaches, highlighting unresolved challenges effectively leveraging these modalities together. Moreover, the function of certain proteins is highly dependent on the granular aspects of their surface topology, which have been overlooked by prior models. To address these limitations, we introduce the Sequence-Structure-Surface Fitness (**S3F**) model — a novel multimodal representation learning framework that integrates protein features across several scales. Our approach combines sequence representations from a protein language model with Geometric Vector Perceptron networks encoding protein backbone and detailed surface topology. The proposed method achieves state-of-the-art fitness prediction on the ProteinGym benchmark encompassing 217 substitution deep mutational scanning assays, and provides insights into the determinants of protein function. Our code is at https://github.com/DeepGraphLearning/S3F.

2024-09-25

NeurIPS.cc/2024/Conference (poster)

Are Heterophily-Specific GNNs and Homophily Metrics Really Effective? Evaluation Pitfalls and New Benchmarks

Sitao Luan

Qincheng Lu

Chenqing Hua

Xinyu Wang

Jiaqi Zhu

Xiao-Wen Chang

Guy Wolf

Over the past decade, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved great success on machine learning tasks with relational data. However, rece… (voir plus)nt studies have found that heterophily can cause significant performance degradation of GNNs, especially on node-level tasks. Numerous heterophilic benchmark datasets have been put forward to validate the efficacy of heterophily-specific GNNs and various homophily metrics have been designed to help people recognize these malignant datasets. Nevertheless, there still exist multiple pitfalls that severely hinder the proper evaluation of new models and metrics. In this paper, we point out three most serious pitfalls: 1) a lack of hyperparameter tuning; 2) insufficient model evaluation on the real challenging heterophilic datasets; 3) missing quantitative evaluation benchmark for homophily metrics on synthetic graphs. To overcome these challenges, we first train and fine-tune baseline models on

2024-09-09

ArXiv (prépublication)

The Heterophilic Graph Learning Handbook: Benchmarks, Models, Theoretical Analysis, Applications and Challenges

Sitao Luan

Chenqing Hua

Qincheng Lu

Liheng Ma

Lirong Wu

Xinyu Wang

Minkai Xu

Xiao-Wen Chang

Doina Precup

Rex Ying

Stan Z. Li

Guy Wolf

Stefanie Jegelka

Homophily principle, \ie{} nodes with the same labels or similar attributes are more likely to be connected, has been commonly believed to b… (voir plus)e the main reason for the superiority of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) over traditional Neural Networks (NNs) on graph-structured data, especially on node-level tasks. However, recent work has identified a non-trivial set of datasets where GNN's performance compared to the NN's is not satisfactory. Heterophily, i.e. low homophily, has been considered the main cause of this empirical observation. People have begun to revisit and re-evaluate most existing graph models, including graph transformer and its variants, in the heterophily scenario across various kinds of graphs, e.g. heterogeneous graphs, temporal graphs and hypergraphs. Moreover, numerous graph-related applications are found to be closely related to the heterophily problem. In the past few years, considerable effort has been devoted to studying and addressing the heterophily issue. In this survey, we provide a comprehensive review of the latest progress on heterophilic graph learning, including an extensive summary of benchmark datasets and evaluation of homophily metrics on synthetic graphs, meticulous classification of the most updated supervised and unsupervised learning methods, thorough digestion of the theoretical analysis on homophily/heterophily, and broad exploration of the heterophily-related applications. Notably, through detailed experiments, we are the first to categorize benchmark heterophilic datasets into three sub-categories: malignant, benign and ambiguous heterophily. Malignant and ambiguous datasets are identified as the real challenging datasets to test the effectiveness of new models on the heterophily challenge. Finally, we propose several challenges and future directions for heterophilic graph representation learning.

2024-07-12

ArXiv (prépublication)

In-Context Learning, Can It Break Safety?

Sophie Xhonneux

David Dobre

Michael Noukhovitch

Gauthier Gidel

Dhanya Sridhar

2024-06-28

ICML.cc/2024/Workshop/NextGenAISafety (poster)

Augmenting Evolutionary Models with Structure-based Retrieval

Yining Huang

Zuobai Zhang

Debora Susan Marks

Pascal Notin

2024-06-17

ICML.cc/2024/Workshop/ML4LMS (poster)

GraphAny: A Foundation Model for Node Classification on Any Graph

Jianan Zhao

Hesham Mostafa

Mikhail Galkin

Michael Bronstein

Zhaocheng Zhu

2024-05-30

ArXiv (prépublication)

The 1st International Workshop on Graph Foundation Models (GFM)

Haitao Mao

Jianan Zhao

Xiaoxin He

Zhikai Chen

Qian Huang

Zhaocheng Zhu

Micheal Bronstein

Xavier Bresson

Bryan Hooi

Haiyang Zhang

Xianfeng Tang

Luo Chen

Jiliang Tang

2024-05-13

Companion Proceedings of the ACM on Web Conference 2024 (publié)

Zero-shot Logical Query Reasoning on any Knowledge Graph

Mikhail Galkin

Jincheng Zhou

Bruno Ribeiro

Zhaocheng Zhu

Complex logical query answering (CLQA) in knowledge graphs (KGs) goes beyond simple KG completion and aims at answering compositional querie… (voir plus)s comprised of multiple projections and logical operations. Existing CLQA methods that learn parameters bound to certain entity or relation vocabularies can only be applied to the graph they are trained on which requires substantial training time before being deployed on a new graph. Here we present UltraQuery, an inductive reasoning model that can zero-shot answer logical queries on any KG. The core idea of UltraQuery is to derive both projections and logical operations as vocabulary-independent functions which generalize to new entities and relations in any KG. With the projection operation initialized from a pre-trained inductive KG reasoning model, UltraQuery can solve CLQA on any KG even if it is only finetuned on a single dataset. Experimenting on 23 datasets, UltraQuery in the zero-shot inference mode shows competitive or better query answering performance than best available baselines and sets a new state of the art on 14 of them.

2024-04-10

ArXiv (prépublication)