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Publications
Author Correction: BCG immunization induces CX3CR1hi effector memory T cells to provide cross-protection via IFN-γ-mediated trained immunity.
Model Collapse Demystified: The Case of Regression
Elvis Dopgima Dohmatob
Yunzhen Feng
Julia Kempe
In the era of proliferation of large language and image generation models, the phenomenon of "model collapse" refers to the situation whereb… (voir plus)y as a model is trained recursively on data generated from previous generations of itself over time, its performance degrades until the model eventually becomes completely useless, i.e the model collapses. In this work, we study this phenomenon in the setting of high-dimensional regression and obtain analytic formulae which quantitatively outline this phenomenon in a broad range of regimes. In the special case of polynomial decaying spectral and source conditions, we obtain modified scaling laws which exhibit new crossover phenomena from fast to slow rates. We also propose a simple strategy based on adaptive regularization to mitigate model collapse. Our theoretical results are validated with experiments.
Properties and Styles of Software Technology Tutorials
Deeksha M. Arya
Jin L.C. Guo
Martin P. Robillard
A large number of tutorials for popular software development technologies are available online, and those about the same technology vary wid… (voir plus)ely in their presentation. We studied the design of tutorials in the software documentation landscape for five popular programming languages: Java, C#, Python, Javascript, and Typescript. We investigated the extent to which tutorial pages, i.e. resources, differ and report statistics of variations in resource properties. We developed a framework for characterizing resources based on their distinguishing attributes, i.e. properties that vary widely for the resource, relative to other resources. Additionally, we propose that a resource can be represented by its resource style, i.e. the combination of its distinguishing attributes. We discuss three techniques for characterizing resources based on our framework, to capture notable and relevant content and presentation properties of tutorial pages. We apply these techniques on a data set of 2551 resources to validate that our framework identifies valid and interpretable styles. We contribute this framework for reasoning about the design of resources in the online software documentation landscape.
2024-01-31
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering (publié)
In the current era, the Transdermal delivery of bioactive molecules has become an area of research interest. The transdermal route of admini… (voir plus)stration enables direct entry of bioactive molecules into the systemic circulation with better and easy accessibility, bypassing the hepatic metabolism and improving patient compliance. Permeation through the skin has always been a barrier. To overcome this challenge, an efficient route by the vesicular system has been adopted so as to have better skin permeation of the bioactive molecules. A novel vesicular and non-invasive drug delivery system called Nanoethosomes was developed. Nanoethosomes are lipid-based vesicular carriers that are used for deeper permeation of the bioactive agents into the skin. The main components of Nanoethosomes are Phospholipids, water, and ethanol. High ethanol concentration in Nanoethosomes distinguishes them from other nano-formulation and results in deeper permeation and smaller vesicular size. This review article gives detailed information on the formulation techniques, and characterization parameters of nanoethosomes along with the research work done by various researchers in the same field. The compiled manuscript gives detailed elaboration about the various drugs used to treat different diseases which when incorporated in nanoethosomes resulted in better permeability and enhanced bioavailability.