Portrait of Guillaume Dumas

Guillaume Dumas

Associate Academic Member
Associate Professor, Université de Montréal, Department of Psychiatry and Addiction
Adjunct Professor, McGill University, Department of Psychiatry
Research Topics
Computational Biology
Computational Neuroscience
Deep Learning
Dynamical Systems
Machine Learning Theory
Medical Machine Learning
Reinforcement Learning

Biography

Guillaume Dumas is an associate professor of computational psychiatry in the Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, and principal investigator in the Precision Psychiatry and Social Physiology laboratory at the Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) Sainte-Justine Research Centre. He holds the IVADO professorship for AI in Mental Health, and the Fonds de recherche du Québec - Santé (FRQS) J1 in AI and Digital Health. In 2023, Dumas was recognized as a CIFAR Azrieli Global Scholar – Brain, Mind, and Consciousness program, and nominated as a Future Leader in Canadian Brain Research by the Brain Canada Foundation.

Dumas was previously a permanent researcher in neuroscience and computational biology at the Institut Pasteur (Paris). Before that, he was a postdoctoral fellow at the Center for Complex Systems and Brain Sciences (Florida Atlanta University). He holds an engineering degree in advanced engineering and computer science (École Centrale Paris), two MSc degrees (theoretical physics, Paris-Saclay University; cognitive science, ENS/EHESS/Paris 5), and a PhD in cognitive neuroscience (Sorbonne University).

The goal of his research is to cross-fertilize AI/ML, cognitive neuroscience and digital medicine through an interdisciplinary program with two main axes:

- AI/ML for Mental Health, which aims to create new algorithms to investigate the development of human cognitive architecture and deliver personalized medicine in neuropsychiatry using data from genomes to smartphones.

- Social Neuroscience for AI/ML, which translates basic brain research and dynamical systems formalism into neurocomputational and machine learning hybrid models (NeuroML) and machines with social learning abilities (Social NeuroAI & HMI).

Current Students

Master's Research - Université de Montréal
PhD - Université de Montréal
Master's Research - Université de Montréal
Principal supervisor :
PhD - Université de Montréal
Principal supervisor :
Postdoctorate - Université de Montréal

Publications

Cortico-Cerebellar neurodynamics during social interaction in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Fleur Gaudfernau
Aline Lefebvre
Denis-Alexander Engemann
Amandine Pedoux
Anna Bánki
Florence Baillin
Benjamin Landman
Frederique Amsellem
Anna Maruani
Thomas Bourgeron
Richard Delorme
Attention Schema in Neural Agents
Dianbo Liu
Samuele Bolotta
Mike He Zhu
Attention has become a common ingredient in deep learning architectures. It adds a dynamical selection of information on top of the static s… (see more)election of information supported by weights. In the same way, we can imagine a higher-order informational filter built on top of attention: an Attention Schema (AS), namely, a descriptive and predictive model of attention. In cognitive neuroscience, Attention Schema Theory (AST) supports this idea of distinguishing attention from AS. A strong prediction of this theory is that an agent can use its own AS to also infer the states of other agents' attention and consequently enhance coordination with other agents. As such, multi-agent reinforcement learning would be an ideal setting to experimentally test the validity of AST. We explore different ways in which attention and AS interact with each other. Our preliminary results indicate that agents that implement the AS as a recurrent internal control achieve the best performance. In general, these exploratory experiments suggest that equipping artificial agents with a model of attention can enhance their social intelligence.
Tri-process model of interpersonal mindfulness: theoretical framework and study protocol
Bassam Khoury
Viktoriya Manova
Lena Adel
Michael Lifshitz
Rodrigo C. Vergara
Harmehr Sekhon
Soham Rej
According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, over 14% of the US population practice mindfulness meditation. The effects of mi… (see more)ndfulness training on physical and mental health have been consistently documented, but its effects on interpersonal relationships are not yet fully understood or investigated. Interpersonal relationships play a crucial role in the wellbeing of individuals and society, and therefore, warrants further study. The aim of this paper is to present a tri-process theoretical model of interpersonal mindfulness and a study protocol to validate the proposed model. Specifically, according to the proposed model, mindfulness meditation training increases the self-awareness, self-regulation, and prosociality of those receiving the training, which ameliorates the quality of interpersonal interactions and the socioemotional support provided to other individuals. Finally, better socioemotional support increases the support receiver’s ability to regulate their emotions. Using a multiphasic longitudinal design involving 640 participants randomized into 480 dyads, the proposed protocol aims to validate the tri-process model and to investigate its mechanisms of actions. The proposed study has important theoretical and social implications and will allow devising new and more effective interpersonal mindfulness programs with applications in multiple fields.
Genesis, modelling and methodological remedies to autism heterogeneity
Juliette Rabot
Eya‐mist Rødgaard
Ridha Joober
Boris C Bernhardt
Sébastien Jacquemont
Laurent Mottron
Cross-sectional and longitudinal neuroanatomical profiles of distinct clinical (adaptive) outcomes in autism
Charlotte M. Pretzsch
Dorothea L. Floris
Tim Schäfer
Anke Bletsch
Caroline Gurr
Michael V. Lombardo
Chris H. Chatham
Julian Tillmann
Tony Charman
Martina Arenella
Emily J. H. Jones
Sara Ambrosino
Thomas Bourgeron
Freddy Cliquet
Claire Leblond
Eva Loth
Beth Oakley
Jan K. Buitelaar
Simon Baron-Cohen … (see 7 more)
Christian Beckmann
Antonio Persico
Tobias Banaschewski
Sarah Durston
Christine M. Freitag
Declan Murphy
Christine Ecker
A Novel Model for Novelty: Modeling the Emergence of Innovation from Cumulative Culture
Natalie Kastel
Processing of social and monetary rewards in autism spectrum disorders
Sarah Baumeister
Carolin Moessnang
Nico Bast
Sarah Hohmann
Pascal Aggensteiner
Anna Kaiser
Julian Tillmann
David Goyard
Tony Charman
Sara Ambrosino
Simon Baron-Cohen
Christian Beckmann
Sven Bölte
Thomas Bourgeron
Annika Rausch
Daisy Crawley
Flavio Dell’Acqua
Sarah Durston
Christine Ecker … (see 21 more)
Dorothea L. Floris
Vincent Frouin
Hannah Hayward
Rosemary Holt
Mark Johnson
Emily J. H. Jones
Meng-Chuan Lai
Michael V. Lombardo
Luke Mason
Beth Oakley
Marianne Oldehinkel
Antonio Persico
Antonia San José Cáceres
Thomas Wolfers
Eva Loth
Declan Murphy
Jan K. Buitelaar
Heike Tost
Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
Tobias Banaschewski
Daniel Brandeis
Background Reward processing has been proposed to underpin the atypical social feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, previous … (see more)neuroimaging studies have yielded inconsistent results regarding the specificity of atypicalities for social reward processing in ASD. Aims Utilising a large sample, we aimed to assess reward processing in response to reward type (social, monetary) and reward phase (anticipation, delivery) in ASD. Method Functional magnetic resonance imaging during social and monetary reward anticipation and delivery was performed in 212 individuals with ASD (7.6–30.6 years of age) and 181 typically developing participants (7.6–30.8 years of age). Results Across social and monetary reward anticipation, whole-brain analyses showed hypoactivation of the right ventral striatum in participants with ASD compared with typically developing participants. Further, region of interest analysis across both reward types yielded ASD-related hypoactivation in both the left and right ventral striatum. Across delivery of social and monetary reward, hyperactivation of the ventral striatum in individuals with ASD did not survive correction for multiple comparisons. Dimensional analyses of autism and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) scores were not significant. In categorical analyses, post hoc comparisons showed that ASD effects were most pronounced in participants with ASD without co-occurring ADHD. Conclusions Our results do not support current theories linking atypical social interaction in ASD to specific alterations in social reward processing. Instead, they point towards a generalised hypoactivity of ventral striatum in ASD during anticipation of both social and monetary rewards. We suggest this indicates attenuated reward seeking in ASD independent of social content and that elevated ADHD symptoms may attenuate altered reward seeking in ASD.
Interpersonal attunement in social interactions: from collective psychophysiology to inter-personalized psychiatry and beyond
Dimitris Bolis
Leonhard Schilbach
In this article, we analyse social interactions, drawing on diverse points of views, ranging from dialectics, second-person neuroscience and… (see more) enactivism to dynamical systems, active inference and machine learning. To this end, we define interpersonal attunement as a set of multi-scale processes of building up and materializing social expectations—put simply, anticipating and interacting with others and ourselves. While cultivating and negotiating common ground, via communication and culture-building activities, are indispensable for the survival of the individual, the relevant multi-scale mechanisms have been largely considered in isolation. Here, collective psychophysiology, we argue, can lend itself to the fine-tuned analysis of social interactions, without neglecting the individual. On the other hand, an interpersonal mismatch of expectations can lead to a breakdown of communication and social isolation known to negatively affect mental health. In this regard, we review psychopathology in terms of interpersonal misattunement, conceptualizing psychiatric disorders as disorders of social interaction, to describe how individual mental health is inextricably linked to social interaction. By doing so, we foresee avenues for an inter-personalized psychiatry, which moves from a static spectrum of disorders to a dynamic relational space, focusing on how the multi-faceted processes of social interaction can help to promote mental health. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Concepts in interaction: social engagement and inner experiences’.
Sources of richness and ineffability for phenomenally conscious states
Xu Ji
Eric Elmoznino
George Deane
Axel Constant
Jonathan Simon
Abstract Conscious states—state that there is something it is like to be in—seem both rich or full of detail and ineffable or hard to fu… (see more)lly describe or recall. The problem of ineffability, in particular, is a longstanding issue in philosophy that partly motivates the explanatory gap: the belief that consciousness cannot be reduced to underlying physical processes. Here, we provide an information theoretic dynamical systems perspective on the richness and ineffability of consciousness. In our framework, the richness of conscious experience corresponds to the amount of information in a conscious state and ineffability corresponds to the amount of information lost at different stages of processing. We describe how attractor dynamics in working memory would induce impoverished recollections of our original experiences, how the discrete symbolic nature of language is insufficient for describing the rich and high-dimensional structure of experiences, and how similarity in the cognitive function of two individuals relates to improved communicability of their experiences to each other. While our model may not settle all questions relating to the explanatory gap, it makes progress toward a fully physicalist explanation of the richness and ineffability of conscious experience—two important aspects that seem to be part of what makes qualitative character so puzzling.
Sources of richness and ineffability for phenomenally conscious states
Xu Ji
Eric Elmoznino
George Deane
Axel Constant
Jonathan Simon
Abstract Conscious states—state that there is something it is like to be in—seem both rich or full of detail and ineffable or hard to fu… (see more)lly describe or recall. The problem of ineffability, in particular, is a longstanding issue in philosophy that partly motivates the explanatory gap: the belief that consciousness cannot be reduced to underlying physical processes. Here, we provide an information theoretic dynamical systems perspective on the richness and ineffability of consciousness. In our framework, the richness of conscious experience corresponds to the amount of information in a conscious state and ineffability corresponds to the amount of information lost at different stages of processing. We describe how attractor dynamics in working memory would induce impoverished recollections of our original experiences, how the discrete symbolic nature of language is insufficient for describing the rich and high-dimensional structure of experiences, and how similarity in the cognitive function of two individuals relates to improved communicability of their experiences to each other. While our model may not settle all questions relating to the explanatory gap, it makes progress toward a fully physicalist explanation of the richness and ineffability of conscious experience—two important aspects that seem to be part of what makes qualitative character so puzzling.
Restoring the missing person to personalized medicine and precision psychiatry
Ana Gómez-Carrillo
Vincent Paquin
Laurence J. Kirmayer
Enjeux de l’adaptation à la chaleur en ville et action publique : apports de l’interdisciplinarité et de la recherche-action - Cas de la métropole toulousaine
G. Bretagne
Julia Hidalgo
Sinda Haouès-Jouve
Lise Debrye
Aurélie Hanna
Valéry Masson
Le contexte législatif national, comme les attentes citoyennes exprimées pour plus d’informations et d’actions relatives aux enjeux cl… (see more)imatiques, ont progressivement incité à la territorialisation des politiques climatiques et énergétiques locales, ainsi qu’à l’émergence de l’enjeu d’adaptation climatique sur les territoires. Cette dynamique de spatialisation des enjeux climatiques trouve sa déclinaison à l’échelle de la métropole toulousaine depuis plus de 10 ans, du fait d’enjeux multiples sur le territoire : géographiques, climatiques et urbains. Les travaux de recherche menés localement autour des thématiques Ville, Environnement et Climat ont répondu au contexte favorable d’interdisciplinarité et de collaboration avec les acteurs urbains, soutenues par plusieurs appels à projets de recherche nationaux et européens. Deux objectifs majeurs sont affichés : coconstruire une connaissance afin de caractériser les enjeux climatiques et énergétiques propres au territoire toulousain, et proposer un accompagnement spécifique auprès des acteurs urbains pour mieux faire comprendre et objectiver les enjeux locaux, afin d’intégrer ces derniers dans les politiques et les actions publiques locales. Le présent article propose de revenir sur la synergie permise par cette collaboration, en s’attachant d’une part à présenter le processus de travail interdisciplinaire mis en place et, d’autre part, à montrer les productions de données et d’expertises qui en ont résulté.