James Bergstra

Theano is a Python library that allows to define, optimize, and evaluate mathematical expressions involving multi-dimensional arrays efficie… (see more)ntly. Since its introduction, it has been one of the most used CPU and GPU mathematical compilers - especially in the machine learning community - and has shown steady performance improvements. Theano is being actively and continuously developed since 2008, multiple frameworks have been built on top of it and it has been used to produce many state-of-the-art machine learning models. The present article is structured as follows. Section I provides an overview of the Theano software and its community. Section II presents the principal features of Theano and how to use them, and compares them with other similar projects. Section III focuses on recently-introduced functionalities and improvements. Section IV compares the performance of Theano against Torch7 and TensorFlow on several machine learning models. Section V discusses current limitations of Theano and potential ways of improving it.

2016-05-09

ArXiv (preprint)

arxiv.org

Theano: Deep Learning on GPUs with Python

Frédéric Bastien

Pascal Lamblin

Ian G Goodfellow

In this paper, we present Theano 1 , a framework in the Python programming language for defining, optimizing and evaluating expressions invo… (see more)lving high-level operations on tensors. Theano offers most of NumPy’s functionality, but adds automatic symbolic differentiation, GPU support, and faster expression evaluation. Theano is a general mathematical tool, but it was developed with the goal of facilitating research in deep learning. The Deep Learning Tutorials 2 introduce recent advances in deep learning, and showcase how Theano

2012-01-01

(published)

www.semanticscholar.org

Theano: A CPU and GPU Math Compiler in Python

James Bergstra

Olivier Breuleux

Frédéric Bastien

Pascal Lamblin

Joseph P. Turian

Theano is a compiler for mathematical expressions in Python that combines the convenience of NumPy's syntax with the speed of optimized nati… (see more)ve machine language. The user composes mathematical expressions in a high-level description that mimics NumPy's syntax and semantics, while being statically typed and functional (as opposed to imperative). These expressions allow Theano to provide symbolic differentiation. Before performing computation, Theano optimizes the choice of expressions, translates them into C++ (or CUDA for GPU), compiles them into dynamically loaded Python modules, all automatically. Common machine learn- ing algorithms implemented with Theano are from 1:6 to 7:5 faster than competitive alternatives (including those implemented with C/C++, NumPy/SciPy and MATLAB) when compiled for the CPU and between 6:5 and 44 faster when compiled for the GPU. This paper illustrates how to use Theano, outlines the scope of the compiler, provides benchmarks on both CPU and GPU processors, and explains its overall design.

2010-01-01

SciPy (published)

doi.org

Theano: A CPU and GPU Math Compiler in Python

James Bergstra

Olivier Breuleux

Frédéric Bastien

Pascal Lamblin