Philippe Hamel

Learning how to Interact with a Complex Interface using Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning

Gheorghe Comanici

Amelia Glaese

Anita Gergely

Daniel Toyama

Zafarali Ahmed

Tyler Jackson

Philippe Hamel

Doina Precup

Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning (HRL) allows interactive agents to decompose complex problems into a hierarchy of sub-tasks. Higher-leve… (see more)l tasks can invoke the solutions of lower-level tasks as if they were primitive actions. In this work, we study the utility of hierarchical decompositions for learning an appropriate way to interact with a complex interface. Specifically, we train HRL agents that can interface with applications in a simulated Android device. We introduce a Hierarchical Distributed Deep Reinforcement Learning architecture that learns (1) subtasks corresponding to simple finger gestures, and (2) how to combine these gestures to solve several Android tasks. Our approach relies on goal conditioning and can be used more generally to convert any base RL agent into an HRL agent. We use the AndroidEnv environment to evaluate our approach. For the experiments, the HRL agent uses a distributed version of the popular DQN algorithm to train different components of the hierarchy. While the native action space is completely intractable for simple DQN agents, our architecture can be used to establish an effective way to interact with different tasks, significantly improving the performance of the same DQN agent over different levels of abstraction.

2022-04-21

ArXiv (preprint)

doi.org

arxiv.org

AndroidEnv: A Reinforcement Learning Platform for Android

Daniel Toyama

Philippe Hamel

Anita Gergely

Gheorghe Comanici

Amelia Glaese

Zafarali Ahmed

Tyler Jackson

Shibl Mourad

Doina Precup

We introduce AndroidEnv, an open-source platform for Reinforcement Learning (RL) research built on top of the Android ecosystem. AndroidEnv … (see more)allows RL agents to interact with a wide variety of apps and services commonly used by humans through a universal touchscreen interface. Since agents train on a realistic simulation of an Android device, they have the potential to be deployed on real devices. In this report, we give an overview of the environment, highlighting the significant features it provides for research, and we present an empirical evaluation of some popular reinforcement learning agents on a set of tasks built on this platform.

2021-05-27

ArXiv (preprint)

arxiv.org

Theano: A Python framework for fast computation of mathematical expressions

Rami Al-rfou'

Guillaume Alain

Amjad Almahairi

Christof Angermüller

Dzmitry Bahdanau

Nicolas Ballas

Frédéric Bastien

Justin S. Bayer

A. Belikov

A. Belopolsky

J. Bergstra

Josh Bleecher Snyder

Nicolas Boulanger-Lewandowski

Xavier Bouthillier

Alexandre De Brébisson

Olivier Breuleux … (see 92 more)

Paul F. Christiano

Marc-Alexandre Côté

Myriam Côté

Julien Demouth

Sander Dieleman

M'elanie Ducoffe

Samira Ebrahimi Kahou

Dumitru Erhan

Ziye Fan

Orhan Firat

Mathieu Germain

Xavier Glorot

Ian J. Goodfellow

Matthew Graham

Balázs Hidasi

Arjun Jain

S'ebastien Jean

Kai Jia

Mikhail V. Korobov

Vivek Kulkarni

Alex Lamb

Pascal Lamblin

Eric P. Larsen

César Laurent

S. Lee

Simon-mark Lefrancois

Simon Lemieux

Nicholas Léonard

Zhouhan Lin

J. Livezey

Cory R. Lorenz

Jeremiah L. Lowin

Qianli M. Ma

Pierre-Antoine Manzagol

R. McGibbon

Mehdi Mirza

Alberto Orlandi

Chris Pal

Razvan Pascanu

Mohammad Pezeshki

Colin Raffel

Daniel Renshaw

Matthew David Rocklin

Adriana Romero Soriano

Markus Dr. Roth

Peter Sadowski

John Salvatier

François Savard

Jan Schlüter

John D. Schulman

Gabriel Schwartz

Iulian V. Serban

Dmitriy Serdyuk

Samira Shabanian

Etienne Simon

Sigurd Spieckermann

S. Subramanyam

Jakub Sygnowski

Jeremie Tanguay

Gijs van Tulder

Joseph P. Turian

Sebastian Urban

Dustin J. Webb

M. Willson

Lijun Xue

Theano is a Python library that allows to define, optimize, and evaluate mathematical expressions involving multi-dimensional arrays efficie… (see more)ntly. Since its introduction, it has been one of the most used CPU and GPU mathematical compilers - especially in the machine learning community - and has shown steady performance improvements. Theano is being actively and continuously developed since 2008, multiple frameworks have been built on top of it and it has been used to produce many state-of-the-art machine learning models. The present article is structured as follows. Section I provides an overview of the Theano software and its community. Section II presents the principal features of Theano and how to use them, and compares them with other similar projects. Section III focuses on recently-introduced functionalities and improvements. Section IV compares the performance of Theano against Torch7 and TensorFlow on several machine learning models. Section V discusses current limitations of Theano and potential ways of improving it.

2016-05-09

ArXiv (preprint)

arxiv.org

Theano: A Python framework for fast computation of mathematical expressions

Rami Al-rfou'

Guillaume Alain

Amjad Almahairi

Christof Angermüller

Dzmitry Bahdanau

Nicolas Ballas

Frédéric Bastien

Justin S. Bayer

A. Belikov

A. Belopolsky

Josh Bleecher Snyder

Nicolas Boulanger-Lewandowski

Xavier Bouthillier

Alexandre De Brébisson

Olivier Breuleux … (see 92 more)

Paul F. Christiano

Marc-Alexandre Côté

Myriam Côté

Julien Demouth

Sander Dieleman

M'elanie Ducoffe

Samira Ebrahimi Kahou

Dumitru Erhan

Ziye Fan

Orhan Firat

Mathieu Germain

Xavier Glorot

Ian G Goodfellow

Matthew Graham

Balázs Hidasi

Arjun Jain

Kai Jia

Mikhail V. Korobov

Vivek Kulkarni

Alex Lamb

Pascal Lamblin

Eric Larsen

César Laurent

S. Lee

Simon-mark Lefrancois

Simon Lemieux

Nicholas Léonard

Zhouhan Lin

J. Livezey

Cory R. Lorenz

Jeremiah L. Lowin

Qianli M. Ma

Pierre-Antoine Manzagol

R. McGibbon

Mehdi Mirza

Alberto Orlandi

Chris Pal

Razvan Pascanu

Mohammad Pezeshki

Colin Raffel

Daniel Renshaw

Matthew David Rocklin

Adriana Romero Soriano

Markus Dr. Roth

Peter Sadowski

John Salvatier

François Savard

Jan Schlüter

John D. Schulman

Gabriel Schwartz

Iulian V. Serban

Dmitriy Serdyuk

Samira Shabanian

Etienne Simon

Sigurd Spieckermann

S. Subramanyam

Gijs van Tulder

Sebastian Urban

Dustin J. Webb

M. Willson

Lijun Xue

Theano is a Python library that allows to define, optimize, and evaluate mathematical expressions involving multi-dimensional arrays efficie… (see more)ntly. Since its introduction, it has been one of the most used CPU and GPU mathematical compilers - especially in the machine learning community - and has shown steady performance improvements. Theano is being actively and continuously developed since 2008, multiple frameworks have been built on top of it and it has been used to produce many state-of-the-art machine learning models. The present article is structured as follows. Section I provides an overview of the Theano software and its community. Section II presents the principal features of Theano and how to use them, and compares them with other similar projects. Section III focuses on recently-introduced functionalities and improvements. Section IV compares the performance of Theano against Torch7 and TensorFlow on several machine learning models. Section V discusses current limitations of Theano and potential ways of improving it.

2016-05-09

ArXiv (preprint)

arxiv.org

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Philippe Hamel

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Philippe Hamel

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