Embedding Cultural Diversity in Prototype-based Recommender Systems
Armin Moradi
Nicola Neophytou
Florian Carichon
Popularity bias in recommender systems can increase cultural overrepresentation by favoring norms from dominant cultures and marginalizing u… (see more)nderrepresented groups. This issue is critical for platforms offering cultural products, as they influence consumption patterns and human perceptions. In this work, we address popularity bias by identifying demographic biases within prototype-based matrix factorization methods. Using the country of origin as a proxy for cultural identity, we link this demographic attribute to popularity bias by refining the embedding space learning process. First, we propose filtering out irrelevant prototypes to improve representativity. Second, we introduce a regularization technique to enforce a uniform distribution of prototypes within the embedding space. Across four datasets, our results demonstrate a 27\% reduction in the average rank of long-tail items and a 2\% reduction in the average rank of items from underrepresented countries. Additionally, our model achieves a 2\% improvement in HitRatio@10 compared to the state-of-the-art, highlighting that fairness is enhanced without compromising recommendation quality. Moreover, the distribution of prototypes leads to more inclusive explanations by better aligning items with diverse prototypes.
An Empirical Study of Pre-trained Model Selection for Out-of-Distribution Generalization and Calibration
Hiroki Naganuma
Ryuichiro Hataya
Kotaro Yoshida
An empirical study of testing machine learning in the wild
Moses Openja
Armstrong Foundjem
Zhen Ming (Jack) Jiang
Mouna Abidi
Ahmed E. Hassan
Background: Recently, machine and deep learning (ML/DL) algorithms have been increasingly adopted in many software systems. Due to their in… (see more)ductive nature, ensuring the quality of these systems remains a significant challenge for the research community. Traditionally, software systems were constructed deductively, by writing explicit rules that govern the behavior of the system as program code. However, ML/DL systems infer rules from training data i.e., they are generated inductively). Recent research in ML/DL quality assurance has adapted concepts from traditional software testing, such as mutation testing, to improve reliability. However, it is unclear if these proposed testing techniques are adopted in practice, or if new testing strategies have emerged from real-world ML deployments. There is little empirical evidence about the testing strategies. Aims: To fill this gap, we perform the first fine-grained empirical study on ML testing in the wild to identify the ML properties being tested, the testing strategies, and their implementation throughout the ML workflow. Method: We conducted a mixed-methods study to understand ML software testing practices. We analyzed test files and cases from 11 open-source ML/DL projects on GitHub. Using open coding, we manually examined the testing strategies, tested ML properties, and implemented testing methods to understand their practical application in building and releasing ML/DL software systems. Results: Our findings reveal several key insights: 1.) The most common testing strategies, accounting for less than 40%, are Grey-box and White-box methods, such as Negative Testing , Oracle Approximation , and Statistical Testing . 2.) A wide range of 17 ML properties are tested, out of which only 20% to 30% are frequently tested, including Consistency , Correctness , and Efficiency . 3.) Bias and Fairness is more tested in Recommendation (6%) and CV (3.9%) systems, while Security & Privacy is tested in CV (2%), Application Platforms (0.9%), and NLP (0.5%). 4.) We identified 13 types of testing methods, such as Unit Testing , Input Testing , and Model Testing . Conclusions: This study sheds light on the current adoption of software testing techniques and highlights gaps and limitations in existing ML testing practices.
Evaluating machine learning-driven intrusion detection systems in IoT: Performance and energy consumption
Saeid Jamshidi
Kawser Wazed Nafi
Amin Nikanjam
Evolution of High-Throughput Satellite Systems: A Vision of Programmable Regenerative Payload
Olfa Ben Yahia
Zineb Garroussi
Olivier Bélanger
Brunilde Sansò
Jean-François Frigon
Stéphane Martel
Gunes Karabulut Kurt
High-throughput satellite (HTS), with its digital payload technology, is expected to play a key role as an enabler of the upcoming sixth-gen… (see more)eration (6G) networks. HTS is mainly designed to provide higher data rates and capacities. Fueled by technological advancements, including beamforming, advanced modulation techniques, reconfigurable phased array technologies, and electronically steerable antennas, HTS has emerged as a fundamental component for future network generations. This paper offers a comprehensive state-of-the-art on HTS systems, focusing on standardization, patents, channel multiple access techniques, routing, load balancing, and the role of software-defined networking (SDN). In addition, we provide a vision for next-generation satellite systems that we have named Extremely-HTS (EHTS) toward autonomous satellites supported by the main requirements and key technologies expected for these systems. The EHTS system will be designed to maximize spectrum reuse and data rates and to flexibly steer the capacity to satisfy user demand. We introduce a novel architecture for future programmable regenerative payloads as well.
A “fine-cuts” approach disentangling psychopathic, autistic and alexithymic traits in their associations with affective, cognitive and motor empathy
Julia Ayache
Nikki Stevenson
Elisha Patel
Alexander Sumich
Nadja Heym
Generalization Limits of Graph Neural Networks in Identity Effects Learning
Giuseppe Alessio D’Inverno
Simone Brugiapaglia
Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as a powerful tool for data-driven learning on various graph domains. They are usually based on a … (see more)message-passing mechanism and have gained increasing popularity for their intuitive formulation, which is closely linked to the Weisfeiler-Lehman (WL) test for graph isomorphism to which they have been proven equivalent in terms of expressive power. In this work, we establish new generalization properties and fundamental limits of GNNs in the context of learning so-called identity effects, i.e., the task of determining whether an object is composed of two identical components or not. Our study is motivated by the need to understand the capabilities of GNNs when performing simple cognitive tasks, with potential applications in computational linguistics and chemistry. We analyze two case studies: (i) two-letters words, for which we show that GNNs trained via stochastic gradient descent are unable to generalize to unseen letters when utilizing orthogonal encodings like one-hot representations; (ii) dicyclic graphs, i.e., graphs composed of two cycles, for which we present positive existence results leveraging the connection between GNNs and the WL test. Our theoretical analysis is supported by an extensive numerical study.
Generating Complex Question Decompositions in the Face of Distribution Shifts.
Kelvin Han
Claire Gardent
Marah Ihab Abdin
Jyoti Aneja
Hany Hassan Awadalla
Ammar Ahmed Awadallah
Ahmad Awan
Nguyen Bach
Amit Bahree
Arash Bakhtiari
Jianmin Bao
Harkirat Singh Behl
Alon Benhaim
Misha Bilenko
Johan Bjorck
Sébastien Bubeck
Martin Cai
Qin Cai
Vishrav Chaudhary
Dong Chen … (see 342 more)
Weizhu Chen
Yen-Chun Chen 0001
Yi-ling Chen
Hao Cheng
Parul Chopra
Xiyang Dai
Matthew Dixon
Ronen Eldan
Victor Fragoso
Jianfeng Gao
Mei Gao
Min Gao
Amit Garg
Allison Del Giorno
Abhishek Goswami
S. Gunasekar
Emman Haider
Jun-heng Hao
Russell J. Hewett
Wen-Wei Hu
Jamie Huynh
Dan Iter
Sam Ade Jacobs
Mojan Javaheripi
Xin Jin
Nikos Karampatziakis
Piero Kauffmann
Mahoud Khademi
Dongwoo Kim
Young Jin Kim
Lev Kurilenko
James R. Lee
Yin Tat Lee
Yuanzhi Li
Yunsheng Li
Chen Liang
Lars Lidén
Xihui
Zeqi Lin
Ce Lin
Liyuan Liu
Mengchen Liu
Liu Weishung
Xiaodong Liu
Chong Liu
Piyush Luo
Ali Madan
David Mahmoudzadeh
Matt Majercak
Caio Mazzola
César Teodoro
Arindam Mendes
Hardik Mitra
Anh Modi
Brandon Nguyen
Norick Barun
Daniel Patra
Thomas Perez-Becker
Portet Reid
Heyang Pryzant
Marko Qin
Liliang Radmilac
Gustavo Ren
Corby de Rosa
Sambudha Rosset
Roy Olatunji
Olli Ruwase
Amin Saarikivi
Adil Saied
Michael Salim
Shital Santacroce
Ning Shah
Shang Hiteshi
Yelong Sharma
Swadheen Shen
Xia Shukla
Masahiro Song
Andrea Tanaka
Praneetha Tupini
Michael Wu
Bin Wyatt
Can Xiao
Jiahang Xu
Weijiang Xu
Jilong Xu
Sonali Xue
Fan Yadav
Jianwei Yang
Yifan Yang
Ziyi Yang
Donghan Yang
Yu Lu
Chenruidong Yuan
Cyril Zhang
Jianwen Zhang
Zhang
Li Lyna
Yi Zhang
Yue Zhang
Yunan Zhang 0001
Zhang Xiren
Zhou
Phi-3
Priyanka Agrawal
Chris Alberti
Fantine Huot
Joshua Maynez
Ji Ma
Kuzman Ganchev
Viraat Aryabumi
John Dang
Dwarak Talupuru
Saurabh Dash
David Cairuz
Hangyu Lin
Bharat Venkitesh
Madeline Smith
Jon Ander Campos
Yi Chern Tan
Kelly Marchisio
Max Bartolo
Sebastian Ruder
Acyr F. Locatelli
Julia Kreutzer
Nick Frosst
Aidan Gomez
Phil Blunsom
Marzieh Fadaee
Tom B. Brown
Benjamin Mann
Nick Ryder
Melanie Subbiah
Jared Kaplan
Prafulla Dhariwal
Arvind Neelakantan
Pranav Shyam
Girish Sastry
Amanda Askell
Sandhini Agarwal
Ariel Herbert-Voss
Gretchen Krueger
T. Henighan
Rewon Child
Aditya Ramesh
Daniel M. Ziegler
Jeffrey Wu
Clemens Winter
Chris Hesse
Mark Chen
Eric Sigler
Ma-teusz Litwin
Scott Gray
Benjamin Chess
J. Clark
Christopher Berner
Sam McCandlish
Alec Radford
Ilya Sutskever
Dario Amodei Gemma Team
Morgane Rivière
Shreya Pathak Pier
Giuseppe Sessa
Cassidy Hardin
Surya Bhupati-raju
L'eonard Hussenot
Thomas Mesnard
Bobak Shahriari
Alexandre Ramé
Johan Ferret
Peter Liu
Pouya Dehghani Tafti
Abe Friesen
Michelle Casbon
Sabela Ramos
Ravin Kumar
Charline Le Lan
Sammy Jerome
Anton Tsitsulin
Nino Vieillard
Piotr Stańczyk
Sertan Girgin
Nikola Momchev
Matt Hoffman
Shantanu Thakoor
Jean-Bastien Grill
Behnam Neyshabur
Olivier Bachem
Alanna Wal-ton
Aliaksei Severyn
Alicia Parrish
Aliya Ah-mad
Allen Hutchison
Alvin Abdagic
Amanda Carl
Amy Shen
Andy Brock
Andy Coenen
Anthony Laforge
Antonia Paterson
Ben Bastian
Bilal Piot
Boxi Wu
Brandon Royal
Charlie Chen
Chintu Kumar
Chris Perry
Christoper A. Welty
Christopher A. Choquette-Choo
Danila Sinopalnikov
David Wein-berger
Dimple Vijaykumar
Dominika Rogozi´nska
D. Herbison
Elisa Bandy
Emma Wang
Eric Noland
Erica Moreira
Evan Senter
Evgenii Elty-shev
Francesco Visin
Gabriel Rasskin
Gary Wei
Glenn Cameron
Gus Martins
Hadi Hashemi
Hanna Klimczak-Pluci´nska
Harleen Batra
Harsh Dhand
Ivan Nardini
Jacinda Mein
Jack Zhou
James Svens-son
Jeff Stanway
Jetha Chan
J. Zhou
Joana Carrasqueira
Joana Iljazi
Jocelyn Becker
Joe Fer-nandez
Joost Van Amersfoort
Josh Gordon
Josh Lipschultz
Joshua Newlan
Junsong Ji
Kareem Mo-hamed
Kartikeya Badola
Kat Black
Katie Mil-lican
Keelin McDonell
Kelvin Nguyen
Kiranbir Sodhia
Kish Greene
Lars Lowe Sjoesund
Lauren Usui
Laurent Sifre
L. Heuermann
Leti-cia Lago
Lilly McNealus
Livio Baldini
Soares Logan
Lucas Kilpatrick
Luciano Dixon
Martins Machel
Manvinder Reid
Mark Singh
Martin Görner Iverson
Mateo Wirth Mat Velloso
Matt Davi-dow
Matt Miller
Matthew Rahtz
Matthew Watson
Meg Risdal
Mehran Kazemi
Michael Moynihan
Ming Zhang
Minsuk Kahng
Minwoo Park
Mofi Rahman
Mohit Khatwani
Natalie Dao
Nenshad Bardoliwalla
N. Devanathan
Neta Dumai
Nilay Chauhan
O. Wahltinez
Pankil Botarda
Parker Barnes
Paul R. Barham
Paul Michel
Peng-chong Jin
Petko Georgiev
Phil Culliton
Pradeep Kup-pala
Ramona Comanescu
Ramona Merhej
Reena Jana
R. Rokni
Ryan Mullins
Samaneh Saadat
S. M. Carthy
Sarah Cogan
Sarah Perrin
S'ebastien M. R. Arnold
Se-bastian Krause
Shengyang Dai
S. Garg
Shruti Sheth
S. Ronstrom
Susan Chan
Timothy Jordan
Bing Yu
Tom Eccles
Tom Hennigan
Tomas Kocisky
Tulsee Doshi
Vihan Jain
Vikas Yadav
Vilobh Meshram
Vishal Dharmadhikari
Warren Barkley
Wei Wei
Wenming Ye
Woohyun Han
Woosuk Kwon
Xiang Xu
Zhe Shen
Zhitao Gong
Zichuan Wei
Victor Cotruta
Phoebe Kirk
Anand Rao
Minh Giang
Ludovic Peran
Tris Brian Warkentin
Eli Collins
Joelle Barral
Zoubin Ghahramani
Raia Hadsell
D. Sculley
Jeanine Banks
Anca Dragan
Graph Anomaly Detection in Time Series: A Survey.
Thi Kieu Khanh Ho
Ali Karami
Hadamard product in deep learning: Introduction, Advances and Challenges.
Grigorios G Chrysos
Yongtao Wu
Philip Torr
Volkan Cevher
https://www.neuromodec.org/journal/4/2/NzBlvmDpUYspQQbvI4B Online Transcranial Random Noise Stimulation of the Right Temporoparietal Junction Acutely Modulates Human-Machine Social Interactions
Vincent Chamberland
Quentin Moreau
Lisane Moses
Gabriela Milanova
ICLR 2025 Workshop on Tackling Climate Change with Machine Learning: Data-Centric Approaches in ML for Climate Action
Konstantin Klemmer
Melissa Chapman
Lily Xu
Poon Kin Ho
Mélisande Teng
Patrick Emami
Climate change is one of the greatest problems society has ever faced, with increasingly severe consequences for humanity as natural disaste… (see more)rs multiply, sea levels rise, and ecosystems falter. While no silver bullet, machine learning can be an invaluable tool in fighting climate change via a wide array of applications and techniques, from designing smart electric grids to tracking greenhouse gas emissions through satellite imagery. These applications require algorithmic innovations in machine learning and close collaboration with diverse fields and practitioners. This workshop is intended as a forum for those in the global machine learning community who wish to help tackle climate change, and is further aimed to help foster cross-pollination between researchers in machine learning and experts in complementary climate-relevant fields. Building on our past workshops on this topic, this workshop particularly aims to explore data-centric ML approaches for climate action. Data-centric ML is not only a timely topic within the ICLR community, as analyzing and engineering (pre)training datasets becomes increasingly important, but holds specific challenges and opportunities in climate-related areas. We also want to take the opportunity of ICLR being hosted in Singapore to engage with local communities and shine a light on work that deploys, analyzes or critiques ML methods and their use for climate change adaptation and mitigation on the Asian continent.