Danilo Bzdok

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Gregory Bell

Doctorat - McGill University

gregory.bell@mila.quebec

Jack Stanley

Doctorat - McGill University

jack.stanley@mila.quebec

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justin.marotta@mila.quebec

Jakub Kopal

Postdoctorat - Université de Montréal

jakub.kopal@mila.quebec

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Justin Marotta

Maîtrise recherche - McGill University

Karam Ghanem

Maîtrise recherche - McGill University

karam.ghanem@mila.quebec

Karin Saltoun

Doctorat - McGill University

karin.saltoun@mila.quebec

Le Zhou

Doctorat - McGill University

le.zhou@mila.quebec

Liam Hodgson

Doctorat - McGill University

liam.hodgson@mila.quebec

Nicole Osayande

Maîtrise recherche - McGill University

nicole.osayande@mila.quebec

Shambhavi Aggarwal

Maîtrise recherche - McGill University

shambhavi.aggarwal@mila.quebec

Zilong Wang

Maîtrise recherche - McGill University

zilong.wang@mila.quebec

Vers une médecine personnalisée : comprendre la divergence entre l’inférence et la prédiction en biomédecine

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Billets de blogue

Towards Precision Medicine: Understanding Inference and Prediction Divergence in Biomedicine

8 octobre 2020

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Danilo Bzdok

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Publications

Cross-ethnicity/race generalization failure of behavioral prediction from resting-state functional connectivity

Jingwei Li

Jianzhong Chen

Angela Tam

Leon Qi

Rong Ooi

Avram J. Holmes

Tian Ge

K. Patil

M. Jabbi

Simon B. Eickhoff

B.T. Thomas Yeo

Sarah Genon

Algorithmic biases that favor majority populations pose a key challenge to the application of machine learning for precision medicine. Here,… (voir plus) we assessed such bias in prediction models of behavioral phenotypes from brain functional magnetic resonance imaging. We examined the prediction bias using two independent datasets (preadolescent versus adult) of mixed ethnic/racial composition. When predictive models were trained on data dominated by white Americans (WA), out-of-sample prediction errors were generally higher for African Americans (AA) than for WA. This bias toward WA corresponds to more WA-like brain-behavior association patterns learned by the models. When models were trained on AA only, compared to training only on WA or an equal number of AA and WA participants, AA prediction accuracy improved but stayed below that for WA. Overall, the results point to the need for caution and further research regarding the application of current brain-behavior prediction models in minority populations.

2022-03-01

Science Advances (published)

More Than Meets the Eye: Art Engages the Social Brain

Janneke E. P. van Leeuwen

Jeroen Boomgaard

S. Crutch

J. Warren

Here we present the viewpoint that art essentially engages the social brain, by demonstrating how art processing maps onto the social brain … (voir plus)connectome—the most comprehensive diagram of the neural dynamics that regulate human social cognition to date. We start with a brief history of the rise of neuroaesthetics as the scientific study of art perception and appreciation, in relation to developments in contemporary art practice and theory during the same period. Building further on a growing awareness of the importance of social context in art production and appreciation, we then set out how art engages the social brain and outline candidate components of the “artistic brain connectome.” We explain how our functional model for art as a social brain phenomenon may operate when engaging with artworks. We call for closer collaborations between the burgeoning field of neuroaesthetics and arts professionals, cultural institutions and diverse audiences in order to fully delineate and contextualize this model. Complementary to the unquestionable value of art for art’s sake, we argue that its neural grounding in the social brain raises important practical implications for mental health, and the care of people living with dementia and other neurological conditions.

2022-02-25

Frontiers in Neuroscience (published)

More Than Meets the Eye: Art Engages the Social Brain

Janneke E. P. van Leeuwen

Jeroen Boomgaard

Sebastian J. Crutch

Jason D. Warren

2022-02-25

Frontiers in Neuroscience (publié)

Multivariate, Transgenerational Associations of the COVID-19 Pandemic Across Minoritized and Marginalized Communities.

S. Yip

Ayana Jordan

Robert J. Kohler

Avram J. Holmes

Importance The experienced consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic have diverged across individuals, families, and communities, resulting in i… (voir plus)nequity within a host of factors. There is a gap of quantitative evidence about the transgenerational impacts of these experiences and factors. Objective To identify baseline predictors of COVID-19 experiences, as defined by child and parent report, using a multivariate pattern-learning framework from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) cohort. Design, Setting, and Participants ABCD is an ongoing prospective longitudinal study of child and adolescent development in the United States including 11 875 youths, enrolled at age 9 to 10 years. Using nationally collected longitudinal profiling data from 9267 families, a multivariate pattern-learning strategy was developed to identify factor combinations associated with transgenerational costs of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. ABCD data (release 3.0) collected from 2016 to 2020 and released between 2019 and 2021 were analyzed in combination with ABCD COVID-19 rapid response data from the first 3 collection points (May-August 2020). Exposures Social distancing and other response measures imposed by COVID-19, including school closures and shutdown of many childhood recreational activities. Main Outcomes and Measures Mid-COVID-19 experiences as defined by the ABCD's parent and child COVID-19 assessments. Results Deep profiles from 9267 youth (5681 female [47.8%]; mean [SD] age, 119.0 [7.5] months) and their caregivers were quantitatively examined. Enabled by a pattern-learning analysis, social determinants of inequity, including family structure, socioeconomic status, and the experience of racism, were found to be primarily associated with transgenerational impacts of COVID-19, above and beyond other candidate predictors such as preexisting medical or psychiatric conditions. Pooling information across more than 17 000 baseline pre-COVID-19 family indicators and more than 280 measures of day-to-day COVID-19 experiences, non-White (ie, families who reported being Asian, Black, Hispanic, other, or a combination of those choices) and/or Spanish-speaking families were found to have decreased resources (mode 1, canonical vector weight [CVW] = 0.19; rank 5 of 281), escalated likelihoods of financial worry (mode 1, CVW = -0.20; rank 4), and food insecurity (mode 1, CVW = 0.21; rank 2), yet were more likely to have parent-child discussions regarding COVID-19-associated health and prevention issues, such as handwashing (mode 1, CVW = 0.14; rank 9), conserving food or other items (mode 1, CVW = 0.21; rank 1), protecting elderly individuals (mode 1, CVW = 0.11; rank 21), and isolating from others (mode 1, CVW = 0.11; rank 23). In contrast, White families (mode 1, CVW = -0.07; rank 3), those with higher pre-COVID-19 income (mode 1, CVW = -0.07; rank 5), and presence of a parent with a postgraduate degree (mode 1, CVW = -0.06; rank 14) experienced reduced COVID-19-associated impact. In turn, children from families experiencing reduced COVID-19 impacts reported longer nighttime sleep durations (mode 1, CVW = 0.13; rank 14), less difficulties with remote learning (mode 2, CVW = 0.14; rank 7), and decreased worry about the impact of COVID-19 on their family's financial stability (mode 1, CVW = 0.134; rank 13). Conclusions and Relevance The findings of this study indicate that community-level, transgenerational intervention strategies may be needed to combat the disproportionate burden of pandemics on minoritized and marginalized racial and ethnic populations.

2022-02-09

JAMA psychiatry (published)

Sex-specific lesion pattern of functional outcomes after stroke

Anna K. Bonkhoff

Martin Bretzner

Sungmin Hong

Markus D. Schirmer

Alexander Cohen

Robert W. Regenhardt

Kathleen Donahue

Marco Nardin

Adrian Dalca

Anne-Katrin Giese

Mark R. Etherton

Brandon L. Hancock

Steven J.T. Mocking

Elissa McIntosh

John Attia

Oscar Benavente

Stephen Bevan

John W. Cole

Amanda Donatti

Christoph Griessenauer … (voir 39 de plus)

Laura Heitsch

Lukas Holmegaard

Katarina Jood

Jordi Jimenez-Conde

Steven Kittner

Robin Lemmens

Christopher Levi

Caitrin W. McDonough

James Meschia

Chia-Ling Phuah

Arndt Rolfs

Stefan Ropele

Jonathan Rosand

Jaume Roquer

Tatjana Rundek

Ralph L. Sacco

Reinhold Schmidt

Pankaj Sharma

Agnieszka Slowik

Martin Soederholm

Alessandro Sousa

Tara M. Stanne

Daniel Strbian

Turgut Tatlisumak

Vincent Thijs

Achala Vagal

Johan Wasselius

Daniel Woo

Ramin Zand

Patrick McArdle

Bradford B. Worrall

Christina Jern

Arne G. Lindgren

Jane Maguire

Michael D. Fox

Ona Wu

Natalia S. Rost

Anna K. Martin Sungmin Markus D. Alexander Robert W. Kathleen L. Marco J. Adrian V. Anne-Katrin Mark R. Brandon L. Steven J. T. Elissa C. John Oscar R. Stephen John W. Amanda Christoph J. Laura Lukas Katarina Jordi Steven J. Robin Christopher R. Caitrin W. James F. Chia-Ling Arndt Stefan Jonathan Jaume Tatjana Ralph L. Reinhold Pankaj Agnieszka Martin Alessandro Tara M. Daniel Turgut Vincent Achala Johan Daniel Ramin Patrick F. Bradford B. Christina Arne G. Jane Michael D. Danilo Ona Natalia S. Bonkhoff

2022-02-02

Brain Communications (publié)

Sex-specific lesion pattern of functional outcomes after stroke

Anna K. Bonkhoff

Martin Bretzner

Sungmin Hong

Markus D. Schirmer

Alexander L. Cohen

Robert W. Regenhardt

Kathleen Donahue

Marco Nardin

Adrian Dalca

Anne-Katrin Giese

Mark R. Etherton

Brandon L. Hancock

Steven J.T. Mocking

Elissa McIntosh

John Richard Attia

Oscar Benavente

S. Bevan

John W. Cole

Amanda Donatti

Christoph Griessenauer … (voir 38 de plus)

Laura Heitsch

Lukas Holmegaard

Katarina Jood

Jordi Jimenez-Conde

Steven Kittner

Robin Lemmens

C. Levi

Caitrin W. McDonough

James Meschia

Chia-Ling Phuah

Arndt Rolfs

Stefan Ropele

Jonathan Rosand

Jaume Roquer

Tatjana Rundek

Ralph L. Sacco

Reinhold Schmidt

Pankaj Sharma

Agnieszka Slowik

Martin Söderholm

Alessandro Sousa

Tara M. Stanne

Daniel Strbian

Turgut Tatlisumak

Vincent Thijs

Achala Vagal

Johan Wasselius

Daniel Woo

Ramin Zand

P. McArdle

Bradford B. Worrall

Christina Jern

Arne G. Lindgren

Jane Maguire

M. Fox

Ona Wu

Natalia S. Rost

Abstract Stroke represents a considerable burden of disease for both men and women. However, a growing body of literature suggests clinicall… (voir plus)y relevant sex differences in the underlying causes, presentations and outcomes of acute ischaemic stroke. In a recent study, we reported sex divergences in lesion topographies: specific to women, acute stroke severity was linked to lesions in the left-hemispheric posterior circulation. We here determined whether these sex-specific brain manifestations also affect long-term outcomes. We relied on 822 acute ischaemic patients [age: 64.7 (15.0) years, 39% women] originating from the multi-centre MRI-GENIE study to model unfavourable outcomes (modified Rankin Scale >2) based on acute neuroimaging data in a Bayesian hierarchical framework. Lesions encompassing bilateral subcortical nuclei and left-lateralized regions in proximity to the insula explained outcomes across men and women (area under the curve = 0.81). A pattern of left-hemispheric posterior circulation brain regions, combining left hippocampus, precuneus, fusiform and lingual gyrus, occipital pole and latero-occipital cortex, showed a substantially higher relevance in explaining functional outcomes in women compared to men [mean difference of Bayesian posterior distributions (men – women) = −0.295 (90% highest posterior density interval = −0.556 to −0.068)]. Once validated in prospective studies, our findings may motivate a sex-specific approach to clinical stroke management and hold the promise of enhancing outcomes on a population level.

2022-02-02

Brain Communications (published)

Lacking social support is associated with structural divergences in hippocampus–default network co-variation patterns

Chris Zajner

Nathan Spreng

2022-01-27

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience (publié)

Bayesian stroke modeling details sex biases in the white matter substrates of aphasia

Julius M. Kernbach

Gesa Hartwigsen

Jae‐Sung Lim

Hee-Joon Bae

Kyung‐Ho Yu

Gottfried Schlaug

Anna K. Bonkhoff

Natalia S. Rost

2022-01-18

bioRxiv (preprint)

The meaning of significant mean group differences for biomarker discovery

Eva Loth

Jumana Ahmad

Christopher H. Chatham

Beatriz López

Ben Carter

Daisy Crawley

Beth Oakley

Hannah Hayward

Jennifer Cooke

Antonia San José Cáceres

Emily J. H. Jones

Tony Charman

Christian Beckmann

Thomas Bourgeron

Roberto Toro

Jan K. Buitelaar

Declan Murphy

Guillaume Dumas

2021-11-18

PLoS Computational Biology (publié)

Social isolation is linked to classical risk factors of Alzheimer’s disease-related dementias

Kimia Shafighi

Sylvia Villeneuve

P. Rosa-Neto

AmanPreet Badhwar

Judes Poirier

Vaibhav Sharma

Yasser Iturria-Medina

Patricia P. Silveira

Laurette Dubé

David C. Glahn

Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias is a major public health burden – compounding over upcoming years due to longevity. Recently, … (voir plus)clinical evidence hinted at the experience of social isolation in expediting dementia onset. In 502,506 UK Biobank participants and 30,097 participants from the Canadian Longitudinal Study of Aging, we revisited traditional risk factors for developing dementia in the context of loneliness and lacking social support. Across these measures of subjective and objective social deprivation, we have identified strong links between individuals’ social capital and various indicators of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias risk, which replicated across both population cohorts. The quality and quantity of daily social encounters had deep connections with key aetiopathological factors, which represent 1) personal habits and lifestyle factors, 2) physical health, 3) mental health, and 4) societal and external factors. Our population-scale assessment suggest that social lifestyle determinants are linked to most neurodegeneration risk factors, highlighting them promising targets for preventive clinical action.

2021-09-15

bioRxiv (preprint)

Lacking social support is associated with structural divergences in hippocampus–default network co-variation patterns

Chris Zajner

Nathan Spreng

Elaborate social interaction is a pivotal asset of the human species. The complexity of people’s social lives may constitute the dominatin… (voir plus)g factor in the vibrancy of many individuals’ environment. The neural substrates linked to social cognition thus appear especially susceptible when people endure periods of social isolation: here, we zoom in on the systematic inter-relationships between two such neural substrates, the allocortical hippocampus (HC) and the neocortical default network (DN). Previous human social neuroscience studies have focused on the DN, while HC subfields have been studied in most detail in rodents and monkeys. To bring into contact these two separate research streams, we directly quantified how DN subregions are coherently co-expressed with specific HC subfields in the context of social isolation. A two-pronged decomposition of structural brain scans from ∼40,000 UK Biobank participants linked lack of social support to mostly lateral subregions in the DN patterns. This lateral DN association co-occurred with HC patterns that implicated especially subiculum, presubiculum, CA2, CA3, and dentate gyrus. Overall, the subregion divergences within spatially overlapping signatures of HC-DN co-variation followed a clear segregation divide into the left and right brain hemispheres. Separable regimes of structural HC-DN co-variation also showed distinct associations with the genetic predisposition for lacking social support at the population level.

2021-08-19

bioRxiv (preprint)

Human brain anatomy reflects separable genetic and environmental components of socioeconomic status

H. Kweon

Gökhan Aydogan

Alain Dagher

C. Ruff

Gideon Nave

Martha J Farah

Philipp Koellinger

Recent studies report that socioeconomic status (SES) correlates with brain structure. Yet, such findings are variable and little is known a… (voir plus)bout underlying causes. We present a well-powered voxel-based analysis of grey matter volume (GMV) across levels of SES, finding many small SES effects widely distributed across the brain, including cortical, subcortical and cerebellar regions. We also construct a polygenic index of SES to control for the additive effects of common genetic variation related to SES, which attenuates observed SES-GMV relations, to different degrees in different areas. Remaining variance, which may be attributable to environmental factors, is substantially accounted for by body mass index, a marker for lifestyle related to SES. In sum, SES affects multiple brain regions through measurable genetic and environmental effects. One-sentence Summary Socioeconomic status is linked with brain anatomy through a varying balance of genetic and environmental influences.

2021-07-29

bioRxiv (preprint)