Publications

The Image Biomarker Standardization Initiative: Standardized Convolutional Filters for Reproducible Radiomics and Enhanced Clinical Insights
Philip Whybra
Alex Zwanenburg
Vincent Andrearczyk
Roger Schaer
Aditya P. Apte
Alexandre Ayotte
Bhakti Baheti
Spyridon Bakas
Andrea Bettinelli
Ronald Boellaard
Luca Boldrini
Irene Buvat
Gary J. R. Cook
Florian Dietsche
Nicola Dinapoli
Hubert S. Gabryś
Vicky Goh
Matthias Guckenberger
Mathieu Hatt
Mahdi Hosseinzadeh … (see 26 more)
Aditi Iyer
Jacopo Lenkowicz
Mahdi A. L. Loutfi
Steffen Löck
Francesca Marturano
Olivier Morin
Christophe Nioche
Fanny Orlhac
Sarthak Pati
Arman Rahmim
Seyed Masoud Rezaeijo
Christopher G. Rookyard
Mohammad R. Salmanpour
Andreas Schindele
Isaac Shiri
Emiliano Spezi
Stephanie Tanadini-Lang
Florent Tixier
Taman Upadhaya
Vincenzo Valentini
Joost J. M. van Griethuysen
Fereshteh Yousefirizi
Habib Zaidi
Henning Müller
Adrien Depeursinge
The State of Artificial Intelligence in Pediatric Surgery: A Systematic Review
Mohamed Elahmedi
Riya Sawhney
Elena Guadagno
Fabio Botelho
Transposable elements regulate thymus development and function
Jean-David Larouche
Céline M. Laumont
Assya Trofimov
Krystel Vincent
Leslie Hesnard
Sylvie Brochu
Caroline Côté
Juliette Humeau
Eric Bonneil
Joël Lanoix
Chantal Durette
Patrick Gendron
Jean-Philippe Laverdure
Ellen R. Richie
Pierre Thibault
Claude Perreault
Using Artificial Intelligence to Label Free-Text Operative and Ultrasound Reports for Grading Pediatric Appendicitis.
Waseem Abu-Ashour
Sherif Emil
Sister Mary Emil
A novel and efficient machine learning Mendelian randomization estimator applied to predict the safety and efficacy of sclerostin inhibition
Marc-andr'e Legault
Jason Hartford
Benoît J. Arsenault
Y. Archer
Yang
Mendelian Randomization (MR) enables estimation of causal effects while controlling for unmeasured confounding factors. However, traditional… (see more) MR's reliance on strong parametric assumptions can introduce bias if these are violated. We introduce a new machine learning MR estimator named Quantile Instrumental Variable (IV) that achieves low estimation error in a wide range of plausible MR scenarios. Quantile IV is distinctive in its ability to estimate nonlinear and heterogeneous causal effects and offers a flexible approach for subgroup analysis. Applying Quantile IV, we investigate the impact of circulating sclerostin levels on heel bone mineral density, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular outcomes in the UK Biobank. Employing various MR estimators and colocalization techniques that allow multiple causal variants, our analysis reveals that a genetically predicted reduction in sclerostin levels significantly increases heel bone mineral density and reduces the risk of osteoporosis, while showing no discernible effect on ischemic cardiovascular diseases. Quantile IV contributes to the advancement of MR methodology, and the case study on the impact of circulating sclerostin modulation contributes to our understanding of the on-target effects of sclerostin inhibition.
Blockwise Self-Supervised Learning at Scale
Shoaib Ahmed Siddiqui
Yann LeCun
Stephane Deny
Integrating accompanying patients into clinical oncology teams: limiting and facilitating factors
Marie-Pascale Pomey
Jesseca Paquette
Monica Iliescu Nelea
Cécile Vialaron
Rim Mourad
Karine Bouchard
Louise Normandin
Marie‐Andrée Côté
Mado Desforges
Pénélope Pomey‐Carpentier
Israël Fortin
Isabelle Ganache
Zeev Rosberger
Danielle Charpentier
Marie-France Vachon
Lynda Bélanger
Michel Dorval
Djahanchah Philip Ghadiri
Mélanie Lavoie-Tremblay … (see 5 more)
Antoine Boivin
Jean-François Pelletier
Nicolas Fernandez
Alain M. Danino
Michèle de Guise
PERFUMES: pipeline to extract RNA functional motifs and exposed structures
Arnaud Chol
Roman Sarrazin-Gendron
Éric Lécuyer
Jérôme Waldispühl
Abstract Motivation Up to 75% of the human genome encodes RNAs. The function of many non-coding RNAs relies on their ability to fold into 3D… (see more) structures. Specifically, nucleotides inside secondary structure loops form non-canonical base pairs that help stabilize complex local 3D structures. These RNA 3D motifs can promote specific interactions with other molecules or serve as catalytic sites. Results We introduce PERFUMES, a computational pipeline to identify 3D motifs that can be associated with observable features. Given a set of RNA sequences with associated binary experimental measurements, PERFUMES searches for RNA 3D motifs using BayesPairing2 and extracts those that are over-represented in the set of positive sequences. It also conducts a thermodynamics analysis of the structural context that can support the interpretation of the predictions. We illustrate PERFUMES’ usage on the SNRPA protein binding site, for which the tool retrieved both previously known binder motifs and new ones. Availability and implementation PERFUMES is an open-source Python package (https://jwgitlab.cs.mcgill.ca/arnaud_chol/perfumes).
Reinforcement Learning for Versatile, Dynamic, and Robust Bipedal Locomotion Control
Zhongyu Li
Xue Bin Peng
Pieter Abbeel
Sergey Levine
Koushil Sreenath
This paper presents a comprehensive study on using deep reinforcement learning (RL) to create dynamic locomotion controllers for bipedal rob… (see more)ots. Going beyond focusing on a single locomotion skill, we develop a general control solution that can be used for a range of dynamic bipedal skills, from periodic walking and running to aperiodic jumping and standing. Our RL-based controller incorporates a novel dual-history architecture, utilizing both a long-term and short-term input/output (I/O) history of the robot. This control architecture, when trained through the proposed end-to-end RL approach, consistently outperforms other methods across a diverse range of skills in both simulation and the real world.The study also delves into the adaptivity and robustness introduced by the proposed RL system in developing locomotion controllers. We demonstrate that the proposed architecture can adapt to both time-invariant dynamics shifts and time-variant changes, such as contact events, by effectively using the robot's I/O history. Additionally, we identify task randomization as another key source of robustness, fostering better task generalization and compliance to disturbances. The resulting control policies can be successfully deployed on Cassie, a torque-controlled human-sized bipedal robot. This work pushes the limits of agility for bipedal robots through extensive real-world experiments. We demonstrate a diverse range of locomotion skills, including: robust standing, versatile walking, fast running with a demonstration of a 400-meter dash, and a diverse set of jumping skills, such as standing long jumps and high jumps.
Unsupervised Discovery of Steerable Factors When Graph Deep Generative Models Are Entangled
Shengchao Liu
Chengpeng Wang
Jiarui Lu
Weili Nie
Hanchen Wang
Zhuoxinran Li
Bolei Zhou
Asymmetric stimulus representations bias visual perceptual learning
Pooya Laamerad
Asmara Awada
Christopher C. Pack
The primate visual cortex contains various regions that exhibit specialization for different stimulus properties, such as motion, shape, and… (see more) color. Within each region there is often further specialization, such that particular stimulus features, such as horizontal and vertical orientations, are overrepresented. These asymmetries are associated with well-known perceptual biases, but little is known about how they influence visual learning. Most theories would predict that learning is optimal, in the sense that it is unaffected by these asymmetries. But other approaches to learning would result in specific patterns of perceptual biases. To distinguish between these possibilities, we trained human observers to discriminate between expanding and contracting motion patterns, which have a highly asymmetrical representation in visual cortex. Observers exhibited biased percepts of these stimuli, and these biases were affected by training in ways that were often suboptimal. We simulated different neural network models and found that a learning rule that involved only adjustments to decision criteria, rather than connection weights, could account for our data. These results suggest that cortical asymmetries influence visual perception and that human observers often rely on suboptimal strategies for learning.
A comparison of RL-based and PID controllers for 6-DOF swimming robots: hybrid underwater object tracking
Faraz Lotfi
Khalil Virji
Nicholas Dudek